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Prostitution in Mexico has been regulated since 1885.〔Mark Overmyer-Velázquez, Visions of the Emerald City: Modernity, Tradition, and the Formation of Porfirian Oaxaca, Mexico (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2006), 9-10.〕 Today it is decriminalized under governmental supervision, but the laws vary by state. 13 of the 31 states of Mexico ''regulate'' prostitution.〔Weitzer, Ronald. 2013. ''Legalizing Prostitution: From Illicit Vice to Lawful Business''. ((Excerpt ))〕 Prostitution involving minors under 18 is illegal. Some Mexican cities have enacted tolerance zones (''zonas de tolerancia'') which allow regulated prostitution and function as red light districts. In most parts of the country, pimping is illegal, although pimp-worker relationships still occur, sometimes under female pimps called ''madrotas''.〔Patty Kelly, Lydia’s Open Door: Inside Mexico’s Most Modern Brothel (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008), 126.〕 The government provides shelter for former prostitutes. ==History== During the authoritarian regime of Porfirio Díaz in the late nineteenth century, regulations in the forms of monthly quotas, medical examinations, and photographic documentation were imposed upon sex workers.〔Mark Overmyer-Velázquez, Visions of the Emerald City: Modernity, Tradition, and the Formation of Porfirian Oaxaca, Mexico (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2006), 99, 152.〕 Regulatory practices were most severe on the eve of the Mexican export-mining economic collapse, and had been met with backlash from women's rights groups in Oaxaca, Yucatán, and Veracruz.〔Mark Overmyer-Velázquez, Visions of the Emerald City: Modernity, Tradition, and the Formation of Porfirian Oaxaca, Mexico (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2006), 152.〕 According to a 1908 study, economic concerns were the main reason for turning to the sex trade in Porfirian Mexico, at which time 15 to 30 per cent of Mexico City's young female population was employed in the sex trade.〔Katherine E. Bliss, Compromised Positions: Prostitution, Public Health, and Gender Politics in Revolutionary Mexico City (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002), 37.〕 In translocal border cities such as Mexicali in Baja California, local brothels and vaudeville theatres became spaces for Euro-American tourists, Asian laborers, and Mexican-American sex workers to intermingle in the 1930s.〔Eric Michael Schantz, “All Night at the Owl: The Social and Political Relations of Mexicali’s Red-Light District, 1913-1925,” Journal of the Southwest 43 (2001): 551.〕 Today, it can be argued that neoliberal reforms instituted in the late 1990s under the PRI administration of Carlos Salinas de Gortari—including the signing of NAFTA in 1994—incubated adverse economic conditions that caused the migration of indigenous women from southern Mexico to northern border locales to find work in the sex trade or in ''maquiladoras''.〔Patty Kelly, Lydia’s Open Door: Inside Mexico’s Most Modern Brothel (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008), 4.〕 Violence against sex workers in Ciudad Juárez has been connected to similar atrocities committed against ''maquiladora'' workers.〔Howard Campbell, “Cultural Seduction: American Men, Mexican Women, Cross-Border Attraction,” Critique of Anthropology 27 (2007): 267.〕 Currently, American men make up a significant clientele sector for sex workers in border cities, specifically Ciudad Juárez and Tijuana—in the mid-2000s, more than two-thirds of female sex workers in these two cities had had at least one male U.S. client in the prior two months.〔Steffanie A. Strathdee et al., “Characteristics of Female Sex Workers with U.S. Clients in Two Mexico-U.S. Border Cities,” Sexually Transmitted Diseases 35 (2008): 3.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prostitution in Mexico」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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